內容
一、教法建議
【 拋磚引玉 】
單元雙基學習目標
Ⅰ. 詞匯學習
clever , herself , learn , learned , rich , money , myself , poor , himself , southern , sad , dress , yourselves , themselves , itself , fall off , enjoy oneself , get dressed , a swimming lesson , find out , age , operation
Ⅱ. 語法學習
1 . 掌握情態動詞 can 的用法。
2 . 掌握反身代詞的用法。
Ⅲ. 交際英語
Help yourselves to……
Would you like a drink ?
Yes , please .
There's something wrong with the child .
It's getting late .
【 指點迷津 】
單元重點詞匯點撥
1 . age 年齡
What age are you ? 你幾歲 ? ( 你多大年齡 ? )
〖 點撥 〗在英語中表達年齡時常說：She's eight .
也可以說：She is eight years of age .
還可以說：She is eight years old .
但不可說：She is eight age .
“年齡”表示法還有：
“at the age of + 基數詞”或“at +基數詞”。基數詞后不再加 years old , 此短語常作 狀語。
At the age of eight ，he went to an island with his parents .
“of + 基數詞”。此結構常作后置定語，數詞后不能接 years old。
At that time , he was just a boy , of sixteen . 當時，他只是一個十六歲的男孩。
“基數詞-year-old”。此結構常用前置定語。
When he was an eight-year-old boy , he began to make a living . 當他是一個八歲的男孩時，就開始謀生了。
“be in one's + teens / twenties / thirties……nineties”表示“在某人十幾歲/二十幾歲/三十幾歲……九十幾歲時”。
He was in is fifties .
“aged + 基數詞”。此結構常用后置定語。
Mr Smith , a foreigner aged 30 , works in north China. 史密斯先生是一位30多歲的工程師，在華北工作。
掌握了年齡的常見表達法，就能一句多譯。請看：
A. 珍妮是一個十五歲的女孩。
Jenny is a fifteen-year-old girl . / Jenny is a girl of fifteen . / Jenny is a girl aged fifteen .
B. 他三歲時就能做詩。
When he was three (years old) , he could write poems . / When he was three years of age , he could write poems . / At (the age of ) three , he could write poems .
2 . clever 聰明的，伶俐的
What a clever boy he is ! 他是多么聰明的孩子啊 !
〖 點撥 〗It is clever of sb to do某人干……真聰明
It is clever of her to get more paper to write .
3 . herself ( 反身代詞 ) 她自己 ( 本人 )
She told us the news herself . 她親自告訴了我們這個消息。
4 . learn 學，學會
〖 點撥 〗其過去式過去分詞有兩和 learnt 和 learned .
The children are learning quickly . 孩子們學得快。
5 . rich 有錢的，富裕的
He is a rich man . 他是個富翁。
He is poor in money but rich in knowledge . 他雖然沒有錢，但很有學問。
〖 點撥 〗其反義詞為 poor 。the rich富人們， the poor窮人們。
The rich have a lot of money . (注意謂語用復數，不用has )
6 . money 錢，貨幣
Do you have any money on you ? 你身上帶有錢嗎 ?
〖 點撥 〗該詞為不可數名詞。change零錢。
Here is your change . 這是找您的錢。
7 . myself 我自己，我親自，我單獨
I can do this work myself . 我自己能做這工作。
〖 點撥 〗by myself我獨立地做。I can do my homework (all) by myself .
be not oneself = not feel well = feel sick不舒服。I can’t go to work today ; I am not myself .
8 . poor 貧窮的，可憐的，不好的
There lived some poor peasants here ten years ago .
十年前這里住著一些貧窮的農民。
Can you help the poor boy ? 你能幫助這個可憐的男孩嗎 ?
His English is very poor . 他的英語很差。
〖 點撥 〗the poor窮人們。The poor certainly need money , food and clothing .
9 . himself 他自己，親自，獨自
He did it himself . 他親自做的這件事。
〖 點撥 〗by himself他獨自地做。He always go to the cinema by himself .
10 . sad ( 使人 ) 悲傷的
The sad news made the people unhappy . 這個悲傷的消息使人難過。
I am sad to hear that you're leaving . 聽說你要走我很傷心。
〖 點撥 〗其反義詞為happy 。feel sad感到傷感。注意體會下面的話：
He looks sad at the news and looked sadly at the picture . 聽到那消息后他十分難 過，痛苦地看著那副畫。
11 . dress 穿衣 給……穿衣
He dressed himself quickly . 他很快穿好了衣服。
Get up and dress quickly or you'll be late for the work .
快起來，穿好衣服，不然就來不及上班了。
〖 點撥 〗該詞不能直接跟衣服作賓語。
be dressed in穿著……衣服。Today they are dressed in red . = Today they are in red .
12 . operation 手術，操作
The doctor performed an operation on her . 醫生給她做了一次手術。
〖 點撥 〗“給某人動手術”是 operate on sb 。 have an operation動手術。
That operation is easy . 那個手術很容易。（在其它語言環境也可以理解為：那種操作很 容易。）
13 . yourselves ( 反身代詞 ) 你們自己 ( 本身 )
Take care not to hurt yourselves . 當心不要傷了你們自己。
〖 點撥 〗enjoy yourself你玩的開心。enjoy yourselves你們玩的開心。Help yourselves to some more meat . 你們多吃些肉。
單元詞組思維運用
1 . be always ready to 總是樂于
They are always ready to help others . 他們總是樂于助人。
〖 提示 〗be ready to 后接動詞。意思是“準備做某事”或“愿意做某事”。be ready for 后接名詞，意思是“準備好某事”。
We are ready to start . 我們準備好出發。
He is ready for school . 他已準備好上學。
2 . enjoy oneself 過得愉快 ( 快活 )
〖 提示 〗等于 have a good / nice time .
He enjoyed himself during the holidays . 假日里他過得很愉快。
3 . for a long time 長時間，久久地
I waited for him for a long time . 我等了他很久。
4 . teach oneself = learn by oneself 自學
They teach themselves English . 他們自學英語。
5 . the southern part of 在……的南部
The Shute family lived in the southern part of the U . S . A . 舒特一家住在美國南 部地區。
〖 提示 〗類似的在同一個大范圍的用法還有：
in the eastern part of 在……的東部，in the western part of 在……的西部，in the northern part of 在……的北部。
但是：如果不在一個大范圍，而是各自具有獨立性時用介詞to連接。注意體會：
China and Japan are in the east of Asia(亞洲) .
Japan is to the east of China . 日本在中國的東面。
6 . have a bad cold 得了重感冒
She has a bad cold . 她得了重感冒。
〖 提示 〗“得感冒”還可用 catch , take , get 等動詞表示：
Take care not to catch ( get , take ) cold . 當心，別感冒了。
7 . far away 遙遠
The moon is far away from the earth . 月亮離地球很遙遠。
She lives far away . 她住得很遠。
〖 提示 〗該詞組可作表語、狀語也可作后置定語。be far away from離……遠。
二、學海導航
【 學法指要 】
單元句型思路明晰
1 . 主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 ( 人 ) + 直接賓語 ( 物 )
I can buy myself lots of presents . 我可以給自己買許多的禮物。
buy myself lots of presents = buy lots of presents for myself .
這一句型中有兩個賓語 myself 和 lots of presents . 有些及物動詞，如 give ( 給 ) ， show ( 給……看 ) ，pass ( 遞 ) ，send ( 遣送 ) ，bring ( 帶來 ) 等，可以有兩個賓語。一個指 人，一個指物，指人的叫間接賓語，指物的叫直接賓語。間接賓語，一般放在直接賓語的前面。 如：
He gave me some pictures of the Great Wall . 他給我一些長城的照片。
He asked me a question . 他問我一個問題。
2 . His parents didn't know what was wrong . 他的父母不知道是什么毛病。
what 是此是作連接代詞，what was wrong 作動詞 ( 謂語 ) know 的賓語。以句子的形式作 主句動詞的賓語，叫賓語從句。
1 ) 由 who , what , how , which , whose , where , when , why 等引導的賓語從句。
注意：這種賓語從句中的主謂次序不顛倒。如：
Do you know who lives in this room ? 你知道誰住在這個房間嗎 ?
I don't know what he is doing now . 我不知道他在干什么。
2 ) 由連詞 that 引導的賓語從句，在口語和非正式文體中常省去 that。如：
The mother likes saying that she has a good daughter . 母親喜歡說她有一個好女兒。
They say he is much better . 他們說他好多了。 ( 從屬連詞 that 被省去 )
3 ) 由連詞 whether 或 if 引導的賓語從句
I want to know whether ( 或if ) you still work in the factory .
我想知道你是否還在這工廠工作。 ( whether 從句是動詞不定式 to know 的賓語 ) 另：如 果主句中的謂語動詞是 think , believe ( 相信 ) ，suppose ( 料想 ) ，主句的主語是第一人稱代 詞，而賓語從句是否定意思時，一般否定主句的謂語。稱為否定轉移。
I don't think he will come . 隨便吃點糕點吧 !
We don’t believe she will come tonight , will she ?
3. “help oneself to……”是個固定句型，意為“隨便吃……”。其中 to 常作介詞。
Help yourself to the apples . 隨便吃點蘋果吧 !
Help yourself to some fish , please . 請隨便吃些魚。
Boys , help yourselves to more rice .
單元難點疑點釋疑
1 . She is falling off her bike . 她從車上跌下來。
動詞短語 fall off 意為“從……跌下來”。如：
The boy fell off the wall . 那個男孩從墻上跌下來。
2 . I hope she didn't hurt herself . 我希望她沒有傷著自己。
1 ) She didn't hurt himself 作動詞 hope 的賓語，它是賓語從句。
2 ) hurt oneself 意為“傷著某人自己”。如：
Her son fell off the tree , but didn't hurt himself . 她兒子從樹上跌下來，但未受 傷。
3 . Mr and Mrs Shute had a daughter called Jane . 舒特夫婦有個女兒叫簡。
Called Jane 是過去分詞短語作定語修飾 daughter , 放在修飾詞之后。等于 named Jane .
The boy called Jackson is from Japan . 那個叫杰克遜的男孩來自日本。
4 . He could not wash himself or get dressed .他自己不會洗，也不會穿。
get dressed 意為“穿衣服”。動作而 be dressed 表狀態。
I could get dressed myself when J was a child . 我的孩子時，能自己穿衣服。
5 . I'll get you tea now . 我給你泡杯茶來。
get sb tea“給某人泡菜”，還可以說 make tea for sb 。
get you some tea = get some tea for you .
Help yourselves to the cakes .
Help oneself to……意為“隨便吃……”。如：
Help yourself to some chicken . 隨便吃點雞吧。
6 . I'm afraid so . 大概是這樣。
so 指上文中所說的 have to go now . 為避免重復，常用 so 指代前面所提到的人和事。 如：
- Shall I do like that ? 我應當那樣做嗎 ?
- I'm afraid so . 恐怕是。
當不認為對方的看法有道理時可以用：I am afraid not .
7 . We have to be up early in the morning . 早上我們得起早床。
be up 在這里相當于 get up = rise .
She has to be up earlier every morning , because she has more work to do .
【 妙文賞析 】
Mrs Green was eighty , but she had a small car , and she always drove to the shops in it on Saturday and bought her food .
She did not drive fast , because she was old , but she drove well and never hit anything . Sometimes her grandson said to her , “Please don't drive your car , Grandmother . We can take you to the shops . ”
But she always said , “No , I like driving . I've driven for fifty years , and I'm not going to stop now . ”
Last Saturday , she stopped her car at some traffic lights because they were red , and then it did not start again . The lights were green , then yellow , then red , then green again , but her car did not start .
But then a policeman came and said to her kindly , “Good morning . Don't you like nay of our colours today ? ”
賞析：從這篇文章，我們可以看出這位交警是很有禮貌的，也是他幽默的，講話也很婉轉。 這位老太太是不是挺喜歡看交通燈呢 ? 當然不是而是她的車子有毛病起動不了。
【 思維體操 】
A. 閱讀 Lesson 103 , 完成短文，每空一詞
Mr Shute , a ______ , lived in the _______ part of the USA . He didn't ______ much money . He and his wife had a daughter and a ______ , James . There was something ___with the child , so they ______ him to a doctor . The doctor ______ over James carefully . Then he said there was ______ wrong with his eyes . He could do ______ to help . One day they took James to ______ doctor . The doctor did an _______ on him . After ten minutes James could ______ .
答案：farmer , southern , have , son , wrong , took , looked , something , nothing , another , operation , see .
B. Two friends ( 1 ) a bear ( 熊 ) when they went through a forest ( 森林 ) ( 2 ) . One of them ran to ( 3 ) tree and climbed up very quickly . He forgot his friend . He thought only of ( 4 ) . His friend ( 5 ) bears ( 6 ) dead ( 死的 ) men . ( 7 ) he ( 8 ) When the bear came to him . Then the bear went away . The man called his friend in the tree . “You can ( 9 ) now . ”The man smiled ( 微笑 ) and asked , “What did the bear say to you ? ”His friend answered“He said I need a new ( 10 ) . ”
1 . A . looked for B . met C . looked at D . watched
2 . A . by bus B . by bike C . on foot D . by car
3 . A . the nearest B . the good C . a taller D . a biggest
4 . A . himself B . his mother C . the bear D . his girl friend
5 . A . knew B . thought C . saw D . watched
6 . A . wasn't like B . needn't find C . didn't eat D . couldn't touch
7 . A . And B . So C . But D . Because
8 . A . moved B . ran C . opened his eyes D . didn't move
9 . A . climb up B . get up C . stay there D . come down
10 . A . teacher B . dress C . house D . friend
答案與解析：兩個朋友在森林中不是“尋找、看、注視”，而是遇見熊1答案 B。在森林中只 能徒步而行，因此2答案C。在危急關頭別無選擇，所以3答案是A。那個人自己爬到樹上，忘記他 的朋友，因此只能想到自己的安危，4答案A。熊是來尋覓食物，因此5答案A，6答案是C。有了上面的想法，因而他 ( 另一個人 ) 就不動裝死，so 是表示承上啟下關系“因而、于是”7選B。8選D。樹下的人意思讓樹上的下來，沒有危險了，9答案D。人在危急關頭需要一個真正的好朋友，所以10答案是D。
三、智能顯示
【 心中有數 】
單元語法發散思維
※ 單項選擇
1 . The doctor is operating ______ that child .
A . on B . in C . for D . at
2 . She could write when she ______ four years old .
A . is B . was C . were D . will be
3 . The children enjoyed themselves yesterday , ______ ?
A . did the children B . did they C . didn't they D . didn't the children
4 . Mr Thin has ______ money , but he has ______ friends .
A . little , much B . little , many
C . many , few D . few , much
5 . There ______ someone on the island .
A . may be B . maybe C . may is D . perhaps .
答案：1 . A 2 . B 3 . C 4 . B 5 . A
〖 思維 〗題1 主要考查詞組“給……動手術”應是 operate on。 題2 主要考查主從復合 句主謂一致原則。 題3 主要考查，反意疑問句，主句為肯定，則反意部用否定，且反意部分主語 用人稱代詞。 題4 主要考查 money 為不可數名詞，friends 為可數名詞。 題5 主要考查 There be……句型，本句缺少的是謂語。
※ 補全對話
Tom : My head hurts , Doctor .
Doctor : ( 1 ) you mouth and ( 2 ) “Ahh . ”Hm……
Tom : What's wrong with me ?
Doctor : You've ( 3 ) ( 4 ) cold . ( 5 ) this medicine ( 藥 ) and stay in bed for two days and you'll soon be ( 6 ) .
Tom : Thank you . ( 7 ) the way , how much is the medicine ?
Doctor : How much money ? Look , don't you know me ?
Tom : Ha , ha ! It's you , my uncle . I didn't know you were here . How are you , uncle ?
Doctor : Fine , thank you . And you have to ( 8 ) ( 9 ) yourself .
Tom : Yes , I will . ( 10 ) a lot .
答案：1 . Open 2 . say 3 . a 4 . bad 5 . Take 6 . better 7 . By 8 . look 9 . after 10 . Thanks
分析：本題為一個病人和一個醫生之間的對話，我們只要聯系生活實際和上下文，就不難寫 出正確答案。
【 動手動腦 】
單元能力立體檢測
※ 要點分析
1 . The mother is dressing her ______ .
A . skirt B . baby C . coat D . baby's coat
答案 B . dress 一詞做及物動詞時，意為“給……穿衣服”，本身已含有“衣服”的意思， 不可再加衣物的名稱，而要加表示人的名詞或代詞。
2 . She couldn't read until she was fifteen . ______ .
A . How clever ! B . What a bright girl !
C . Not so clever D . What a kind girl !
答案 C . 上句中運用了 not…until… 句式，意為“直到……才”。全句意思為“她直到十 五歲才會說話”。根據這一句意，選擇中的評語只有 Not so clever ( 不太聰明 ) 比較符實際， 故選C .
3 . The story ______ was very good , but you didn't tell it well .
A . it B . its C . itself D . not
答案 C . 此處反身代詞 itself 做主語 the story 的同位語，起強調作用，即“故事本 身”，其他代詞沒有一詞法功能。而 not 更不可用在 was 之前。
4 . Tomorrow is my birthday . I'll buy ______ a present .
A . me B . he C . myself D . him
答案 C . buy oneself 意為“給某人自己買……”，此時不用主語人稱代詞的賓格，即A選 項中的 me；在動詞后不用人稱代詞的主格形式做賓語，因此B不可選D項中的 him 語法上雖無錯 誤，卻與上下文的語意不符，因此只能選C。
5 . Here ______ some presents for you .
A . is B . are C . have D . has
答案 B . here be 意為“此處有”。這種句式結構中，真正的主語是 be 動詞之后的部分， some presents 為可數名詞的復數，因此 be 動詞用 are。
※ 選反義詞
1 . rich 2 . easy 3 . sad 4 . far
5 . large 6 . pull 7 . thin 8 . slow
A . difficult B . small C . push D . quick
E . poor F . near G . fat H . happy
答案：1－ 4 EAHF 5 － 8 BCGD
※ 完成單詞，第一個字母已給出
1 . China is a country with l_______ land and the most people .
2 . We had a p_______ at the foot of the East Hill .
3 . I didn't feel a_______ when I was walking in street .
4 . He says m_______ doesn't mean everything .
5 . Can you see anything u_______ on this island ?
答案：1 . large 2 . picnic 3 . alone 4 . money 5 . Unusual
【 創新園地 】
選正確答語
1 . When could you swim ?
2 . What a clever girl ?
3 . I hope she didn't hurt herself .
4 . Did she learn all by herself ?
5 . The man didn't enjoy himself very much . Why ?
6 . What was wrong with the child ?
7 . Would you like a drink ?
8 . Thank you for having us . We had a good time .
A . No , she didn't . She was all right .
B . Because he didn't have many friends .
C . It was a pleasure . Bye !
D . Yes . She can learn it quickly .
E . Yes , please .
F . No . Mr Wang taught her .
G . He could not see anything .
H . When I was ten .
( 請同學們把填好的答案反饋給我們 )
答案：1 － 4 HDAF 5－ 8 BGEC