核心詞匯
1．If you fired John，it would be difficult to____________(雇用)a cook like him.
2．The government is planning to ____________(改革)the tax system.
3．A red sky at night____________ (表明，暗示)fine weather the following day.
4．The____________(大多數)of students were in favor of the suggestion that they go for a picnic the next day.
5．We are strongly against____________(種族的)discrimination in areas such as employment.
6．He____________(溜)into the room when no one was noticing him.
7．You’d better____________(抓住)the chance，or you’ll regret.
8．She had looked everywhere for her children，but they were________________(到處)to be found，which made her very worried.
9．____________，she took no notice of the____________mistakes in the accident.(apparent)
1. hire 2.reform 3.indicated 4.majority 5.racial ,6.slipped 7.grasp 8.nowhere 9.Apparently；apparent,10.applicants；apply；applications
10．All the ____________can____________in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their ____________before May 5th.(apply)
高頻短語
1．________________ 繼續存在；繼續生存
2．________________ 用……辦法；借助……
3．________________ 習慣于新的生活方式、工 作等
4．________________ 堅持；維持；沿襲(風俗、 傳統等)
5．________________ 背靠背
6．________________ 與……合作或一起工作
7．________________ 畫線；標出……界線
8．________________ 包括；吸收
9．________________ 許多；很多
10．________________ 申請；請示得到
1.live on 2.by means of... 3.make a life 4.keep up 5.back to back 6.team up with 7.mark out 8.take in 9.a great/good many 10.apply for
重點句式
1．________________，the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie，who wanted to find a better form of transport than horsedrawn trams.
纜車系統建立于1873年，是由安德魯哈利迪發明的，他試圖找到一種比馬拉軌道車更好的交通方式。
2．______________before long the mix of nationalities be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
人們認為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。
重點句式
3．________________California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.
到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個州的時候，它已經是一個有著多種文化的社會了。
4．However，________________that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.
然而，很可能至少在15000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亞了。
1.Built in 1873 2.It is believed that 3.By the time 4.it is likely
知識詳解
1 .means n． 手段；方法
(回歸課本P2)Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
科學家們認為這些遷居者通過一條史前時代曾經存在的大橋穿越北極地區的白令海峽到達美洲。
by this means用這種方法
by means of通過，用，借助于
by no means決不，一點也不
(放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序)
by all means務必，不惜一切地；
(用于交際英語表示同意)當然可以，沒問題
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①Every possible means has been tried，but none worked.
＝All possible means have been tried，but none worked.
各種可能的辦法都嘗試了，但沒有一種奏效。
②(朗文P1277)Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important means of transportation.
自行車是數百萬中國人賴以出行的重要交通工具。
③(朗文P1277)By all means，drink plenty of water while exercising.
當然，鍛煉的時候多喝水。
④By no means am I satisfied with my present job.
我對目前的工作一點也不滿意。
[即境活用]
1．(2010年高考江蘇卷)-Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games?
-________.Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A．Of course B．It depends
C．Don’t mention it D．By no means
解析：選D。句意：“--你認為他們的乒乓球隊在即將到來的亞運會上會獲得冠軍嗎？--絕對不會，我們的球隊比他們的球隊要強大得多。Of course當然可以；It depends視情況而定；Don’t mention it 不用謝；By no means絕對不會，絕不。根據句意可知答案為D項。
2．眾所周知，電話是一種有用的通訊工具。
As is known to us，the telephone is ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.
答案：a useful means of communication
2 .majority n． 大多數；大半
(回歸課本P2)Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men，whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.
在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他們的職責是向原居住人民傳授天主教。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①The majority of students find it quite hard to live on the amount of money they get.
大多數學生認為靠他們掙得錢生活很難。
②(牛津P1220)In the nursing profession，women are in a /the majority.
女性在護理行業中占大多數。
【溫馨提示】 (1)單獨用作主語，謂語動詞用單數、復數均可。
③(牛津P1220)The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.
大多數人支持禁煙。
(2)單獨用作主語，如果后面的表語是復數，那么謂語動詞也用復數。
④The majority who attended the meeting yesterday are students.
昨天參加會議的大多數是學生。
⑤The majority of the damage is easy to repair.
這次的損失大部分容易補救。
⑥The majority of people seem to prefer computer to TV.
多數人喜歡電腦勝過電視。
[即境活用]
3．完成句子
(1)Don’t worry about the present situation in the world；________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (大多數人喜歡和平而不是戰爭)．
答案：the majority of people prefer peace to war
(2)Among the members of the committee those who are in favour of the plan are ________ ________ ________(占大多數)．
答案：in a/the majority
3 .occur vi. 發生；出現
(回歸課本P5)Yes.It didn’t occur to me that...
是的，我沒想到……
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.
我正沿街尋找停車點時，突然發生了事故。
②(牛津P1377)It didn’t occur to her to ask for help.
她沒想到請別人幫忙。
③(遼寧高考)When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him.
在劍橋工作時，巴比奇想到了一個新主意。
④ It occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然想到她應該收養這個無家可歸的孩子。
[即境活用]
4．-Why are you so late?
-I was on half way when it________to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.
A．occurred B．hit
C．happened D．reminded
解析：選A。It occurred to me that...意為“我突然想起……”。hit打擊(不與to搭配)；happen發生(指具體事件)；remind提醒(不與to搭配)。
4 .make a life 習慣于新的生活方式、工作等
(回歸課本P2)Some died or returned home，but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.
有些人死了或回家了，但是大多數人留在了加利福尼亞謀生，盡管困難重重。
[歸納拓展]
come to life變得更有趣；變得活躍
live/lead a．..life過著……生活
come back to life蘇醒過來，恢復生機
bring...back to life使……蘇醒過來
make/start a new life開始新生活
make a living by 靠……謀生
[例句探源]
①Some people from the country find it hard to make a life in big cities.
一些來自農村的人發現很難習慣大城市的生活。
②(朗文P1188)They moved out West to make a new life there.
他們遷往西部去開始新生活。
③(牛津P1166)The match finally came to life in the second half.
比賽在下半場終于精彩起來。
④The old couple made a living by selling vegetables.
這對老夫婦靠賣菜維持生活。
[即境活用]
5．Soldiers who fought all the way to the faraway places couldn’t come back，and they had to________a life on the foreign lands.
A．make B．come
C．bring D．lay
解析：選A。考查動詞短語搭配。句意：一路拼殺到很遠的地方的士兵們無法歸來，于是他們就只得在異國他鄉謀求生活。只有make a life搭配正確；而come to life；bring sb./sth.to life不構成搭配，所以A項正確。
5 .a great many 很多，許多(修飾可數名詞)
(回歸課本P8)Saw some interesting temples here，a number of markets and a great many restaurants.
參觀了這兒一些有趣的寺廟，不少的集貿市場和許多餐館。
[例句探源]
①(牛津P1230)I’ve known her for a great many years.
我認識她好多年了。
②A great many of us don’t like speaking English in class.
我們當中許多人不喜歡在課堂上講英語。
【溫馨提示】 a good/great many 后接復數名詞，但a good/great many后接of 時，必須加限定詞，如these/those/the/one’s等，然后再加名詞復數。
③A good many of the/those students in our class have passed the exam.
我們班中有很多學生通過了考試。
6．________the houses were knocked down in the earthquake.
A．A great many B．The number of
C．A great many of D．A great deal of
解析：選C。名詞前有the，these，those及my，your等物主代詞時，a great many后要加of。
[即境活用]
6 .take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺騙
(回歸課本P8)It’s a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.
這是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵蓋了所有著名的旅游景點。
[歸納拓展]
take away拿走，使離開；消除(病痛等)
take down記下來； 拆掉
take for(錯)當作；(誤)以為
take off起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功
[例句探源]
①(牛津P2059)He was homeless，so we took him in.
他無家可歸，我們便收留了他。
②(遼寧高考)Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
不要被許諾能使你快速減肥的商品所欺騙。
③This is the total cost of the holiday，taking everything in.
這是假期的全部費用，一切都包括在內。
④The students find it easy to take in what you teach.
學生們覺得你教的課容易領會。
[即境活用]
7．完成句子
(1)I needed a minute to ________ ________(理解) what he had told me.
答案：take in
(2)Sometimes I think he wants to ________ ________(掌管) the world.
答案：take over
7 .apply for 申請
(回歸課本P8)From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.
從1882年到1940年，天使島就成為著名的移民居住區，在那里，許多中國人申請在美國的居住權。
[歸納拓展]
[例句探源]
①(朗文P82)Some of the children seem unable to apply what they have learned.
有些孩子似乎不會應用他們所學的知識。
②You can’t apply for the job until you have satisfied certain conditions.
在符合一定的條件之后你才能申請這份工作。
③(朗文P82)I wish Sam would apply himself a little more to his schoolwork.
真希望薩姆能再專注于學業。
[即境活用]
8．Due to the fact that he failed to adapt himself to the present job，he________ ________ ________ ________(申請另一個工作)．
答案：applied for another one
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.(P2)
這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。
【句法分析】 句中的why引導的是表語從句，注意以下句式的區別：
(1)That’s why...那就是為什么……(why從句表示結果)
(2)That’s because...那是因為……(because從句表示原因)
(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(表語從句常用that引導，而不用because)
①Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.
湯姆開會遲到了，那是因為他病了。
②Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.
湯姆病了，那就是他開會遲到的原因。
③The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.湯姆開會遲到的原因是因為他病了。
[即境活用]
9．(2011年石家莊檢測)Is this the reason________she explained in the report for her success in the job?
A．what B．that
C．how D．why
解析：選B。考查定語從句。因此處關系詞代替先行詞在定語從句中作賓語，故此處只能用that，which或省略。
10．The reason________death was feared was________no man could experience it twice.
A．why；that B．why；because
C．why；why D．because；that
解析：選A。句意：人們之所以恐懼死亡，是因為沒有人能經歷兩次。
2【教材原句】 However，it_is_likely_that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(P2)
然而，土著美國人有可能在一萬五千年前就在加州生活著。
【句法分析】 本句中it為形式主語，真正的主語為that從句。
It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可轉化為：sb./sth.be likely to do sth.某人/物可能做某事。
①She’s very likely to ring me tonight.
＝It’s very likely that she will ring me tonight.
她今晚很可能給我打電話。
②It is likely that the weather will be fine.
＝The weather is likely to be fine.
天氣可能會很晴朗。
11．It is most ________that the environmentalists will come to the area to investigate the possible damage caused by the serious pollution.
A．likely B．perhaps
C．possibly D．probably
解析：選A。句意：很有可能環境保護者會到這個地區調查嚴重污染所造成的潛在的破壞。句型It is likely that... 中的 likely為形容詞，而不是副詞，B、C、D三項均為副詞形式，與句式不符。
[即境活用]
（小周）